NUTRITION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: WHY DOES IT MATTER?

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by a progressive and prolonged decline in kidney function, impairing the body's ability to filter and eliminate waste products. The disease often progresses silently with few symptoms in the early stages - which is why many cases are only detected during routine health check-ups. 
Today, CKD affects approximately 10% of the global population. Without timely detection and treatment, the disease can advance to end-stage renal failure, requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant. Among the leading causes, diabetes and hypertension remain the top two drivers of CKD worldwide. 
👉 Read on to explore expert insights from MSc. Dr. Nguyen Phuong Anh - Nutrition Specialist at CarePlus International Clinics - on the vital role of nutrition in managing chronic kidney disease.

1️⃣ The Role of Nutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease 
Nutrition is an indispensable pillar of CKD management. A well-tailored diet can deliver multiple benefits for patients: 
✅ Controls underlying conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity - the leading risk factors for CKD. 
✅ Supports slowing disease progression by helping maintain healthy blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and body weight. 
✅ Helps manage complications associated with chronic kidney disease. 
✅ Prevents malnutrition and muscle loss, preserving physical well-being and overall quality of life. 
However, there is no one-size-fits-all diet for CKD patients. Each individual's nutritional needs vary depending on the stage of the disease, kidney function, and comorbid conditions. That said, there are general dietary principles that every CKD patient should keep in mind throughout their treatment and monitoring journey. 

2️⃣ Key Dietary Principles for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease 
🥗 Meet adequate energy needs to maintain a healthy body weight 
Both malnutrition and obesity can negatively impact the progression of CKD. Therefore, patients should follow a diet that meets their energy requirements and is appropriately tailored to their individual nutritional status. 
🥩 Adjust protein intake according to kidney function and nutritional status 
A diet excessively high in protein can place additional strain on the kidneys and accelerate the decline in kidney function. Conversely, overly restricting protein intake raises the risk of malnutrition and muscle wasting. Therefore, protein intake must be carefully calibrated to the stage of disease and the patient's nutritional condition. 
🧂 Limit sodium intake to help control blood pressure and reduce fluid retention and edema. 
🥦 Prioritize fresh, whole foods and limit processed foods, which are typically high in salt, additives, and phosphate. 
💧 Follow your doctor's guidance on fluid intake - not all CKD patients are required to restrict fluids. 
⚠️ Adjustments to potassium, phosphorus, or fluid intake are only applicable in specific cases, as prescribed by a physician or registered dietitian based on laboratory test results. 

There is no universal diet that fits every CKD patient. Each individual requires a comprehensive assessment of their kidney function, nutritional status, and comorbidities in order to build an appropriate dietary plan. Consult a Nutrition Specialist for personalized dietary guidance that helps protect kidney function, preserve muscle mass, and enhance quality of life. 
If you or a loved one is living with chronic kidney disease, don't hesitate to book an appointment with a Nutrition Specialist at CarePlus - for greater peace of mind throughout your treatment and long-term health journey. 
📞 Message our fanpage or contact our free hotline 1800 6116 to book your appointment today.